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2024屆高考英語一輪復習知識點精練:1.3 名詞和主謂一致 Section Ⅰ(新人教版含解析)

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2024屆高考英語一輪復習知識點精練:1.3 名詞和主謂一致 Section Ⅰ(新人教版含解析)

  PartⅠ 真題變式體驗

  1.[2024·江蘇高考]—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.

  —I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my ________ (apologize).

  答案:apologies/apology 考查名詞。根據句意可知,此處應填“道歉”的名詞。句意:——Dave,去向你媽媽說對不起。——我想去,但我害怕她對我的道歉不滿意。

  2.[2024·浙江高考]One of the most effective ways to reduce ________ (anxious) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.

  答案:anxiety 考查名詞。動詞后填名詞作賓語。句意:減少焦慮最有效的方法是和你信任的人談論一下感受。

  3.[2024·湖南高考]It is important to remember that success________ (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often________ (take) years to achieve.

  答案:is; takes 考查主謂一致。that引導的賓語從句的主語success為單數,兩空是并列謂語,故都用單數。

  4.[2024·福建高考]China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, which ________ (show) that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

  答案:shows 考查主謂一致。定語從句中的謂語動詞與先行詞的單復數形式一致,先行詞China Daily為單數,故填shows。

  5.[2024·湖北高考]He gave himself a new name to hide his ________(identify) when he went to carry out the secret task.

  答案:identity 句意:當他去執行這項秘密任務時,他給自己取了個新名字以掩蓋他的身份。由句意可知,空處應用名詞identity表示“身份”。

  6.[2024·湖南高考]All we need ________ (be)

  a small piece of land

  where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

  答案:is'根據題干可知all指代的是a small piece of land,所以謂語動詞要用單數形式,整句話的語境為一般現在時,故填is。句意:我們所需要的就是一小片土地,我們可以在一年中播種的季節里在那兒種植各類果樹。

  7.[2024·江蘇高考]Generally, students'

  inner

  motivation

  with

  high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development.

  答案:is 根據句式結構,考查主謂一致。with作伴隨狀語時,謂語動詞取決于with前面的詞,故用單數is。句意:一般來說,學生們的內在動機多來自于他人的高期望值,這對他們的發展很重要。

  8.[2024·江西高考]Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ________ (patient).

  答案:patience “介詞+名詞”,故應填寫patient的名詞形式。句意:無論何時我犯錯誤,老師都會耐心地指出來。

  9.[2024·天津高考]While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ (tasty) for fine art.

  答案:taste 考查名詞構詞法。空前是冠詞,可知此處應填名詞,故填taste。句意:在巴黎期間,她培養了對藝術的興趣。

  10.[2024·湖南高考]The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ (be) around $8,450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.

  答案:are 考查主謂一致。賓語從句的主語living expenses為復數,故謂語動詞應用復數。整句用一般現在時,故填are。 

  PartⅡ 語篇真題演練

  閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

  [2024·廣東高考]Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned. __17__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __18__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __19__(leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass __20__ it began to rain heavily.

  Step 1:通讀全文,掌握主旨大意。

  本文講述的是Johnson先生和家人住在樹林中,他有一個看著幾乎荒蕪的農場,幸好他有一頭奶牛。可是有一天牛死了,奶牛的死會給一家帶來什么變化呢?

  Step 2:逐題解答,確定答案。

  16.a。根據空格位置在動詞與可數名詞單數之間可知,考查冠詞。

  17.Luckily。位于句首的空格用逗號隔開,可知考查副詞修飾整個句子。

  18.for。從整句話分析,此處考查介詞且與exchange構成固定搭配。

  19.was_left。連詞后面沒有謂語,故考查謂語,注意考慮時態語態和主謂一致。

  20.when。在兩個句子中間的空格應考查連詞用法,此處為固定句式。

  While making great efforts to run away, she __21__ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living __22__ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __23__ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __24__ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to__25__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.,21.fell。在主語之后,且該句無謂語,可知此題考查謂語動詞,與died并列。

  22.without。根據空格的位置和語意,可知此處考查介詞。

  23.to_sell。該句中已有謂語且無連詞,可知此處填非謂語,根據語義可知此處表目的。

  24.where。空前后均是句子,故應填連詞,且位于名詞之后,可考慮定語從句的關聯詞。

  25.him。根據句式分析,此處考查固定句式“It occurs to sb. that...”。

  Step 3:代入驗證。

  需考慮語法結構正確且語義符合邏輯,語法結合語義才能確保萬無一失。

  PartⅠ 真題變式體驗

  1.[2024·江蘇高考]—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.

  —I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my ________ (apologize).

  答案:apologies/apology 考查名詞。根據句意可知,此處應填“道歉”的名詞。句意:——Dave,去向你媽媽說對不起。——我想去,但我害怕她對我的道歉不滿意。

  2.[2024·浙江高考]One of the most effective ways to reduce ________ (anxious) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.

  答案:anxiety 考查名詞。動詞后填名詞作賓語。句意:減少焦慮最有效的方法是和你信任的人談論一下感受。

  3.[2024·湖南高考]It is important to remember that success________ (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often________ (take) years to achieve.

  答案:is; takes 考查主謂一致。that引導的賓語從句的主語success為單數,兩空是并列謂語,故都用單數。

  4.[2024·福建高考]China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, which ________ (show) that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

  答案:shows 考查主謂一致。定語從句中的謂語動詞與先行詞的單復數形式一致,先行詞China Daily為單數,故填shows。

  5.[2024·湖北高考]He gave himself a new name to hide his ________(identify) when he went to carry out the secret task.

  答案:identity 句意:當他去執行這項秘密任務時,他給自己取了個新名字以掩蓋他的身份。由句意可知,空處應用名詞identity表示“身份”。

  6.[2024·湖南高考]All we need ________ (be)

  a small piece of land

  where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

  答案:is'根據題干可知all指代的是a small piece of land,所以謂語動詞要用單數形式,整句話的語境為一般現在時,故填is。句意:我們所需要的就是一小片土地,我們可以在一年中播種的季節里在那兒種植各類果樹。

  7.[2024·江蘇高考]Generally, students'

  inner

  motivation

  with

  high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development.

  答案:is 根據句式結構,考查主謂一致。with作伴隨狀語時,謂語動詞取決于with前面的詞,故用單數is。句意:一般來說,學生們的內在動機多來自于他人的高期望值,這對他們的發展很重要。

  8.[2024·江西高考]Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ________ (patient).

  答案:patience “介詞+名詞”,故應填寫patient的名詞形式。句意:無論何時我犯錯誤,老師都會耐心地指出來。

  9.[2024·天津高考]While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ (tasty) for fine art.

  答案:taste 考查名詞構詞法。空前是冠詞,可知此處應填名詞,故填taste。句意:在巴黎期間,她培養了對藝術的興趣。

  10.[2024·湖南高考]The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ (be) around $8,450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.

  答案:are 考查主謂一致。賓語從句的主語living expenses為復數,故謂語動詞應用復數。整句用一般現在時,故填are。 

  PartⅡ 語篇真題演練

  閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

  [2024·廣東高考]Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned. __17__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __18__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __19__(leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass __20__ it began to rain heavily.

  Step 1:通讀全文,掌握主旨大意。

  本文講述的是Johnson先生和家人住在樹林中,他有一個看著幾乎荒蕪的農場,幸好他有一頭奶牛。可是有一天牛死了,奶牛的死會給一家帶來什么變化呢?

  Step 2:逐題解答,確定答案。

  16.a。根據空格位置在動詞與可數名詞單數之間可知,考查冠詞。

  17.Luckily。位于句首的空格用逗號隔開,可知考查副詞修飾整個句子。

  18.for。從整句話分析,此處考查介詞且與exchange構成固定搭配。

  19.was_left。連詞后面沒有謂語,故考查謂語,注意考慮時態語態和主謂一致。

  20.when。在兩個句子中間的空格應考查連詞用法,此處為固定句式。

  While making great efforts to run away, she __21__ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living __22__ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __23__ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __24__ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to__25__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.,21.fell。在主語之后,且該句無謂語,可知此題考查謂語動詞,與died并列。

  22.without。根據空格的位置和語意,可知此處考查介詞。

  23.to_sell。該句中已有謂語且無連詞,可知此處填非謂語,根據語義可知此處表目的。

  24.where。空前后均是句子,故應填連詞,且位于名詞之后,可考慮定語從句的關聯詞。

  25.him。根據句式分析,此處考查固定句式“It occurs to sb. that...”。

  Step 3:代入驗證。

  需考慮語法結構正確且語義符合邏輯,語法結合語義才能確保萬無一失。

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