英語(yǔ)講義【105】中文式的英文句子
在一個(gè)多元種族、多元語(yǔ)文的社會(huì)里,人民的互動(dòng),文化的交流,是理所當(dāng)然的事。在這種情況下,語(yǔ)言的運(yùn)用,就難免互相影響,甚至產(chǎn)生不良的干擾作用。例如街頭巷尾,不難聽(tīng)到這樣的問(wèn)句:
① They want to go where?
② She wants to do what?
這樣的問(wèn)話,偶爾開(kāi)開(kāi)玩笑還可以,如果習(xí)以為常,以訛傳訛,就不好了。
①和②正確的句法如下:
③ Where do they want to go ?
④ What does she want to do ?
諸如此類中文式的英語(yǔ)句子很多。下列是些常見(jiàn)的例子:
⑤ Wenmins body is very tall. / Wenmin is a high man.(文明身體很高。/文明是個(gè)高佬。)
⑤里body的這種用法,可能被誤解為尸體。正確的用法是:Wenmin is very tall.或Wenmin has a tall body.
⑥ How much is the price of your new watch?(你新表的價(jià)錢多少?)
英語(yǔ)可用How much或What is the price of?兩個(gè)句式不可融合為一,因此要這樣問(wèn):How much is your new watch?/What is the price of your new watch?/What price is your new watch?/How much does your new watch cost?
⑦ Peter hurried to go to the post office.
(彼得匆匆忙忙到郵政局去。)
在英語(yǔ)里,⑦的正確用法是:Peter hurried to the post office./Peter went to the post office in a hurry.
⑧ Some of our people are easy to catch cold.(有些人容易傷風(fēng)。)
像這種意思的句子,英語(yǔ)有幾種說(shuō)法,但沒(méi)有一種是像⑧里所寫的。例如:(a) Some of our people catch cold easily. (b) Some of our people are liable to catch cold. (c) Some of our people are susceptible to cold. (d) It is easy for some of our people to catch cold.
⑨ -Do you like this fruit juice?
-Yes, I like.
這個(gè)答語(yǔ)既不是個(gè)完整句,也不是個(gè)省略句。如果是前者,應(yīng)該是:Yes, I like this fruit juice.或Yes, I like it.如果是后者,應(yīng)該用代替詞do:Yes, I do.
⑩ -Pat isnt a lecturer, is she?
-Yes, she isnt.
中文的yes不一定和肯定句連用,而no也不必和否定句掛鉤,所以才有中式的Yes, she isnt (a lecturer).或甚至 No, she is (a lecturer).的回應(yīng)。
反之,英語(yǔ)就不如此。英語(yǔ)的yes要用肯定句(positive statement):no后面是否定句(negative statement)。因此,⑩里的邏輯答語(yǔ)是:No, she isnt.
在一個(gè)多元種族、多元語(yǔ)文的社會(huì)里,人民的互動(dòng),文化的交流,是理所當(dāng)然的事。在這種情況下,語(yǔ)言的運(yùn)用,就難免互相影響,甚至產(chǎn)生不良的干擾作用。例如街頭巷尾,不難聽(tīng)到這樣的問(wèn)句:
① They want to go where?
② She wants to do what?
這樣的問(wèn)話,偶爾開(kāi)開(kāi)玩笑還可以,如果習(xí)以為常,以訛傳訛,就不好了。
①和②正確的句法如下:
③ Where do they want to go ?
④ What does she want to do ?
諸如此類中文式的英語(yǔ)句子很多。下列是些常見(jiàn)的例子:
⑤ Wenmins body is very tall. / Wenmin is a high man.(文明身體很高。/文明是個(gè)高佬。)
⑤里body的這種用法,可能被誤解為尸體。正確的用法是:Wenmin is very tall.或Wenmin has a tall body.
⑥ How much is the price of your new watch?(你新表的價(jià)錢多少?)
英語(yǔ)可用How much或What is the price of?兩個(gè)句式不可融合為一,因此要這樣問(wèn):How much is your new watch?/What is the price of your new watch?/What price is your new watch?/How much does your new watch cost?
⑦ Peter hurried to go to the post office.
(彼得匆匆忙忙到郵政局去。)
在英語(yǔ)里,⑦的正確用法是:Peter hurried to the post office./Peter went to the post office in a hurry.
⑧ Some of our people are easy to catch cold.(有些人容易傷風(fēng)。)
像這種意思的句子,英語(yǔ)有幾種說(shuō)法,但沒(méi)有一種是像⑧里所寫的。例如:(a) Some of our people catch cold easily. (b) Some of our people are liable to catch cold. (c) Some of our people are susceptible to cold. (d) It is easy for some of our people to catch cold.
⑨ -Do you like this fruit juice?
-Yes, I like.
這個(gè)答語(yǔ)既不是個(gè)完整句,也不是個(gè)省略句。如果是前者,應(yīng)該是:Yes, I like this fruit juice.或Yes, I like it.如果是后者,應(yīng)該用代替詞do:Yes, I do.
⑩ -Pat isnt a lecturer, is she?
-Yes, she isnt.
中文的yes不一定和肯定句連用,而no也不必和否定句掛鉤,所以才有中式的Yes, she isnt (a lecturer).或甚至 No, she is (a lecturer).的回應(yīng)。
反之,英語(yǔ)就不如此。英語(yǔ)的yes要用肯定句(positive statement):no后面是否定句(negative statement)。因此,⑩里的邏輯答語(yǔ)是:No, she isnt.